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Propulsion system for the Soyuz MS spacecraft
Integrated Propulsion System, KDU The placement of the 28 attitude control thrusters, DPOs, (including 16 large 13-kilogram and 12 smaller 3-kilogram thrusters), which are part of the Integrated Propulsion System (Kombinirovannaya Dvigatelnaya Ustanovka, KDU) were rearranged on Soyuz-MS to provide full redundancy between the two independent propellant manifold loops, which feed the engines with oxidizer and fuel. Only high-thrust engines were left in the DPO system of Soyuz-MS. With 14 pairs of DPO engines available with each thruster in each pair connected to a different manifold, the system obtained much higher reliability. In addition, the aft section of the spacecraft received eight (four pairs) of high-thrust engines instead of four, giving the crew more backup capability in case of the main engine failure, including during the critical deorbiting operations. In a related upgrade, the electronic generator of propellant consumption signals, known as EFIR, was modified to eliminate possible false counting when the propellant was not being really used. DPO avionics Due to rearrangement of the attitude control thrusters, DPO, the avionics unit, known in Russian as Blok Avtomatiki, had to undergo respective changes on all of the ships of the MS series.
DPO thrusters for the Soyuz MS spacecraft during assembly.
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